Hoa Lo Prison ruins in the heart of Hanoi. The French built
this prison in 1896 to detain the fight against French colonialism, named the
Maison Centrale, because the prison was
built on the land of the village of Phu Khanh , former general Yongchang,
Hanoi, this village which is specialized in the production of pottery, day and
night fiery furnace, so the village was called Hoa Lo and prison also called
Hoa Lo Prison.
Other
prisons often isolated from residential areas, only Hoa Lo Prison is located at
the center of Hanoi - the capital of the colonial government at that time.
Besides jail felony courts and the police, forming bond Necklaces, ready to
suppress the revolutionary movement of Vietnamese people. Hoa Lo Prison is permanent
work classified as the mots of Indochina, the ant is also difficult to stand.
Prison is surrounded by stone walls, reinforced 4m high, 0.5 m thick,
reinforced by barbed-wire system with high voltage power lines running through
the four corners of the tower most likely to observe the entire prison.
Particularly, iron door lock system was brought from France. The cell, dark,
cramped cell, lack of air and notorious guards, senior governance Con Dao
prison ready to suppress, even killing prisoners. Hoa Lo Prison is indeed hell.
Right since unfinished, January 1899 Hoa Lo Prison took the detention.
According to the original design, Hoa Lo just enough to 500 prisoners, but it
has repeatedly been extended to have more space detained prisoners. 1950s – 1953s,
Hoa Lo prison had 2,000 prisoners. Currently, the Hoa Lo preserved ruins the
guillotine was the French use roving, January 1930 shipped to Yen Bai to
execution of 13 Vietnamese soldiers Kuomintang arrested during the uprising Yen
Bai (led by Nguyen Thai Hoc). Many generations of Vietnamese people were
imprisoned at Hoa Lo Prison, which is patriotic scholars such as Phan Boi Chau,
Luong Van Can, Duong Ba Trac. to Mr. Nguyen Van Cu, Truong Chinh, Le Duan,
Nguyen Van Linh, Do Muoi ... the elite of the nation, later to become General
Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam, and many other revolutionary
officers and soldiers. Despite the enemy beaten, shackled in a dungeon cell,
even to sacrifice their lives, but the soldiers still maintain the will to fight.
Hoa Lo Prison has become the revolutionary school, is ideological training
environment, the will of the revolutionary struggle. Even in the Hoa Lo Prison,
the centralized political classes are open, free newspaper Lao, Lao prison
magazine , etc. caused the enemy to respect. In 1930, the first branch of the
Communist Party was founded by Mr. Hoang Quoc Viet Secretary has taken a
leadership role, many organizations struggle to win. After the capital
completely liberated Nov 10th 1954, Hoa Lo prison under the control
of the revolutionary government. From 1964 - 1973, Hoa Lo Prison was used to
detain American pilots shot down during the war destroyed
the North American empire, including P.Peterson - later the first U.S.
ambassador in Vietnam. In 1993, on the ground of the Hanoi Prison tower - a
commercial center was built, the rest become special historical revolution of
the capital, which is evidence of the crimes of the French. It also kept many
documents, records the indomitable example, fighting glorious sacrifice of
generations of soldiers communists arrested imprisonment. Hoa Lo relic is still
relatively intact with many precious documents, scientific display, attractive
sights, attracting many domestic and foreign tourists every occasion to Hanoi.
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